Capsular contracture occurs when scar tissue around a breast implant hardens, leading to discomfort, changes in shape, or implant distortion. Common causes include inflammation, bacterial contamination, or implant rupture. Symptoms range from mild firmness to severe pain and visible deformity. Early stages may improve with massage or medications, but advanced cases often require surgery, such as capsulectomy or implant replacement. Prevention strategies include proper surgical techniques, minimizing infection risk, and post-operative care.