Identifying an authentic samurai sword requires attention to detail and historical knowledge. Genuine swords, or nihonto, are crafted using traditional techniques with a folded steel blade, showcasing a visible grain pattern (hada) and a hardened edge (hamon). Check for the tang (nakago), which should show age, file marks, and the maker’s signature (mei). Authentic blades often have a curvature (sori) and a sharp, angled tip (kissaki). Verify the materials of the handle (tsuka) and scabbard (saya), typically made of high-quality wood and lacquer.