What Is An Encaustic Painting? Encaustic painting is a technique where artists use heated beeswax mixed with pigments to create colorful, textured artwork. The molten wax is applied to a surface, usually wood, and manipulated with brushes or tools before it cools. Encaustic painting, also known as hot wax painting, allows for layering and carving, making it a versatile medium. This ancient technique, dating back to Egypt and Greece, is valued for its rich textures and luminous colors, offering unique creative possibilities.